Muslims believe that every living thing as well as non-living structures are created by the necessary being which acts as a conditio sine qua non with regards to the existence of ensouled entities. Plato proposed a tripartite model which describes the vegetative soul, the appetitive soul and the rational soul. The Quran describes a 1) self-reproaching soul, 2) commanding soul, and 3) tranquil soul. The Quran thus speaks with more psychological language.
The discussion of the primacy of existence and essence is a topic that resurfaces in intellectual tradition as well as Muslim philosophy. The Quran speaks of Ruh being breathed into bodies which can be interpreted as the primacy of existence.
Leave a Reply